C C C C   N E W S L E T T E R

                   CENTRAL COAST COMPUTER CLUB
                     Santa Maria, California

             VOLUME XXII:   NUMBER 8    AUGUST, 2007

Meetings are held on the third Tuesday of every month at the Knollwood 
Village Clubhouse 4012 S. Bradley Dr., Santa Maria.
General meeting at 7:00PM.  System Special Interest Group session is at
5:45PM.  Guests are welcome.
Check out our web site: http://member.apcug.org/fourseas for the latest 
program schedule information.
Membership is $15 for twelve months for individuals, $20 for families.
For this you receive: Monthly newsletters, EXTRA4C E-mail Messages,
Help-line support, Monthly presentations, Valuable door prizes, Question
and answer sessions.

NEXT MEETING: August 21, 2007  KNOLLWOOD VILLAGE  4012 S. BRADLEY

PRESENTATION: The July meeting will be: Ray Isenson on Protecting Personal 
Information On Your Computer.

***********************************************************
******* AUGUST COOKIE PROVIDER IS PETER STONEHEWER ********
***********************************************************
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                |                                 |
                |            CONTENTS             |
                |                                 |
                -----------------------------------
 
(1) OFFICERS, HELPLINES, S.I.G.S                      
(2) EDITOR'S COMMENTS                   Dick Trissel  
(3) WEB WANDERINGS                                    
(4) SYSTEMS S.I.G.                      Dick Trissel  
(5) RAW FORMAT CAMERA FILES             Kim Komando   
(6) CONNECTING SATELLITE TO A MONITOR   Kim Komando   
(7) EXPLORING WINDOWS EXPLORER          Jim Sanders   
(8) SEND TO                             Dick Trissel  

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OFFICERS                         HELPLINES

President                        Juno
Ted Tucker      937-2374         Dick Trissel        937-7572
genmail@verizon.net              rtrissel@juno.com

Vice President                   Windows 95/98/ME/XP & VoiceControl
Vic McLaughlin  937-8326         Amy Malicki         925-5780
vnmclaughlin2448@msn.com         msamym5@verizon.net

Secretary                        Hardware, Windows XP, Vista
John McCurdy    925-1825         Ray Isenson         937-6938
jmccurdy.1@verizon.net           risenson@juno.com

Treasurer                        Custom Computer Design and Assembly
Gerry Miller    934-1396         Digital Imagery and Video
2741 Banyan Way                  Command Line Operations and Batch Files
Santa Maria CA 93455             Jim Tonge           937-0187
gandamiller@verizon.net          jtonge1@msn.com

Publicity                        Help With Any Problem
Bill Corning    934-0775         Ray Isenson         937-6938
foster95@impulse.net             risenson@juno.com

Newsletter Editor                Visual Basic and Genealogy
Dick Trissel    937-7572         Gerald Miller       934-1396
rtrissel@juno.com                gandamiller@verizon.net

SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP (S.I.G.)  AOL
Systems (5:45pm)                 Frank Maciel        922-2318
Dick Trissel                     frm8198@aol.com
rtrissel@juno.com

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 CCCC                         Page 2                     August  2007

EDITOR'S COMMENTS  by Dick Trissel

Earlier reports that Dell was going to offer Windows XP in their new 
computers has come true, as reflected in some recent ads.  Dell also is 
offering LINUX on some new models.  The latest news on the Web is that other 
computer manufacturers are going to offer XP on some models.  It seems 
buyers of new computers (probably many that are replacing older computers) 
are skeptical of the usefulness of Vista for them.

Reports are that Microsoft says their Vista sales are very good.  I suspect 
that is because they pretty much forced manufacturers to install Vista in 
their new computers, exclusive of XP.

Now, Microsoft says they are working on "improving" Vista--whatever that 
means.  Reports on the delivery date of Vista Service Pack 1 (SP1) (which 
was suppose to be made available toward the end of the year) vary from a few 
months to June of 2008.

Also, the word is that Microsoft is already working on their new operating 
system with a new file allocation system.  That will present more 
incompatibilities.  Since it took them five years to create Vista, I'll 
probably not live long enough to see the next system .
   
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 CCCC                         Page 3                     August  2007

WEB WANDERINGS

THE FUTURE OF ONLINE MAPS
Online maps have come a long way since the early days of MapQuest. Maps 
aren't just about finding driving directions anymore.
Today's maps are incorporating satellite images or street-level views. Plus, 
some sites let people add pictures and comments.
These types of maps are great for planning vacations or discovering new 
hotspots. Of course, it will take some time for these services to build out 
their offerings.
Take EveryScape, which will launch this fall. It features street-level 
views. You can navigate cities as if you were there yourself. There's also 
information on local businesses and attractions.
If this sounds interesting, stop by EveryScape's site. You can view a quick 
demonstration - a tour of San Francisco's Union Square. Then, vote for your 
city to be included in the project!
www.everyscape.com

THE REBIRTH OF ROME
There is no doubt that Rome was home to one of the greatest civilizations. 
We owe a lot to ancient Rome.
Of course, not much survives from the ancient city of Rome. That makes it 
difficult for scholars who study the civilization.
But Rome Reborn recreates ancient Rome at the height of its power in the 
fourth century. You can explore it through pictures and video clips.
The history of the project is just as interesting as the videos and 
pictures. It took 10 years to complete the digital reproduction. And 
computer experts started with a 3,000-square-foot plaster model. Amazing!
www.romereborn.virginia.edu

THE SIMPSONS, RE-IMAGINED
The Simpsons is a cultural icon. The family first appeared 20 years ago. And 
the show's 18th season will soon start.
The show pokes fun at American culture and society. But it isn't just 
popular in the United States.
At this Cool Site, you can watch a video that was created to promote the 
show in Britain. But you're in for a big shock!
The video features a re-working of the show's opening credits. It casts the 
characters in a whole new light. But I won't ruin the surprise for you.
video.google.com

ANOTHER MAN'S TREASURE
We all have things sitting around the house collecting dust. Some of them we 
don't want to part with.
But then there are the things we'd love to part with but don't know how. You 
can't just throw these things away. And a garage sale isn't a great way to 
spend Saturday morning.
Enter SwapThing. Just list the items you'd like to get rid of. You can sell 
the item outright. Or you can consider trade offers.
Getting started is easy. The site isn't free to use. You must pay $1 per 
trade. But I think that's fair!
www.swapthing.com

FREE GAMES
Today's video games are full-scale productions. Millions of dollars are 
spent developing games for the Xbox and PlayStation.
Of course, these games can be expensive. And don't forget that the consoles 
will cost you hundreds of dollars.
But you don't need to pay a dime to play fun games. Just visit Miniclip. 
You'll find plenty of games to keep you entertained.
Want to keep a game? You can! Just click to download it. Or, you can feature 
it on your Web site or blog. Miniclip will provide you with the coding.
You'll need the free Flash and Shockwave players to play the games. If you 
don't have them on your machine, you'll be prompted to install them.
www.miniclip.com

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 CCCC                         Page 4                     August  2007

SYSTEMS S.I.G.  by Dick Trissel

With thirtysome in attendance we had a very busy S.I.G.  Here are some of 
the questions that came up.

There was a question as to what is a "Windows Home Network Server".  
Microsoft is releasing an operating system for home network servers.  A home 
network server is a special computer being developed by some of the computer 
manufacturers.  The whole purpose of this is to provide a means of having 
several computers exchanging data.  Windows XP has a full description of the 
concept.  Go to Start / Help and Support / Networking and the Web / Home and 
Small Office Networking.

It was suggested that most home computer users would be better served by 
using a flash drive to transfer data or a USB external hard drive instead of 
networking.  Flash drives range from $10 for 1MB, $20 for 2MB, and up to 
over 8MB.  External drives are available for less than $100.

Another question was what is the cost for Verizon DSL broadband.  When the 
attendees were polled, the numbers ranged from $15 per month to over $30--
with speeds ranging from 768Kbps to 1.5Mbps download rates.  Since the 
meeting, Verizon has announced a $15 per month service for one year for 
758Kbps download rate.

The recommendation of periodic defragmenting your hard drive has been 
stressed often to keep the computer performance optimal.  However, some 
users are having long defragmentation sessions, or non-completion of the 
defragging process.  Once a defrag is completed, frequent defragging will 
not take long.  However, you may have to turn off the screen saver (it will 
interrupt defragmenting), or boot up in the "Safe Mode".  To get to Safe 
Mode, reboot the computer and immediately start tapping the F8 key 
repeatedly until the boot menu appears.  Then use the arrow up key to the 
Safe Mode option and press Enter.  After bootup, run defrag, and reboot the 
computer.

There is free program that I use that is far superior to the XP defrag 
application.  It is Auslogic's defrag program.  To download it, go to Google 
and search for auslogic.

One member reported receiving many e-mail notices of "undeliverable" e-mail.  
It is e-mail he didn't send.  This is what happens when someone has stolen 
your e-mail address.  Other than just tolerating this (which is not a good 
idea because of the content of the e-mail being sent), the only solution I 
know is to change your e-mail address.  I know, this is a traumatic 
solution.  Contact your ISP to see if they can easily transfer your account 
to another address.

Some Windows XP computer users are being bothered by having a logon screen 
each time they boot up.  There are several things can cause this.  One is a 
non-blank password.  Two others are settings in User Options.

To change your password, go to Start / Control Panel / User Accounts and 
click on your account (as Administrator).  Choose to change your password 
and leave the new one blank.

To correct a setting in User Options that can cause the request for logon, 
go to Start / Run and type "control userpasswords2" (without the quotes) and 
press OK.  Make sure the box is checked for "[/] User must enter a user name 
and password to use this computer".  NO, that is not an error--the wording 
is backwards.

The other change in the User Accounts is to only have the Administrator 
account enabled.  Go to Start / Control Panel / User Accounts choose the 
accounts that are not the Administrator, and turn them off.  Be careful 
doing this--don't remove your account.

While we're on the subject of passwords, you can stop the 42 day warning 
that your password has expired.  Go to Start / Control Panel / 
Administrators Tools / Computer Management / System Tools / Local Users and 
Groups / Users.  Right-click Administrator.  Click on Properties and check 
the box for [/] Password never expires.   

We don't seem to provide very well for beginners with computers.  But there 
is help for Windows XP--take a tour.  There are two ways to get to the Tour.  
Go to Start / All Programs / Accessories / Tour Windows XP.  Not all 
computers have that option installed.  In that case, go to Start / Help and 
Support / What's New in XP / Taking a Tour or Tutorial.  If you like to be 
entertained, take the Animated Tour.  Even you experienced users might enjoy 
it.

There's also a Tour on Windows 98SE.  Go to Start / Programs / Accessories / 
System Tools / Welcome to Windows.  Or, go to the Tour on the operating 
system installation CD.  In Windows Explorer go to D:\Win98\Tour
\discover.exe (where D is the CD-ROM device letter).

It's useful to learn to use the Help options on Windows and all the 
applications.

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 CCCC                         Page 5                     August  2007

RAW FORMAT CAMERA FILES
from Komando newsletter

Q. I've heard you recommend shooting photos in the RAW format. Could you 
tell me what advantages the RAW format offers? I've tried shooting photos in 
this format, and all I see are drawbacks. For one, I haven't been able to 
open the files on my computer. I'm not sure if the problem is with my 
camera, my computer or the software.

A. I can understand where you're coming from. If you can't view the images, 
there is no benefit to shooting in RAW! So let's solve that problem first. 
There probably isn't anything wrong with your camera or computer. You just 
need a special piece of software to view the files. I would start with the 
software that came with your camera. It should have tools for working with 
RAW files. 

If not, visit the camera manufacturer's site. You'll want to make sure the 
software is specific to your camera. Most manufacturers use a proprietary 
RAW format. And, the RAW format may vary between camera models. There are 
also third-party programs that will work with many different types of RAW 
files. For example, Photoshop CS3 and Lightroom do. And for the Mac, there's 
Aperture.

If you want to view your RAW images in Windows, Microsoft offers a free 
download. But it only works with images from certain cameras.

To organize your RAW images, you can use Google's Picassa. It works with 
many RAW files.

Understanding the beauty of shooting in RAW is more complicated. Let me 
start by explaining RAW. Whenever you shoot a picture, the data is captured 
in RAW. The camera may be set to record data in RAW. If so, it is written to 
the memory card. If your camera is set to JPEG, it processes the data.

RAW format is simply the pixel data collected from the sensor. The file also 
includes camera  settings, such as white balance and color saturation. But 
the image is not processed with this information.

Compared to JPEGs, RAW files are huge. That's because most RAW files are not 
compressed. Others use lossless compression, meaning no image data is lost. 
JPEG files are always compressed. And the JPEG format uses a lossy 
compression. Data is lost from the image. With enough compression, that 
becomes obvious.

Using RAW images allows you to do more editing. For instance, you can 
correct for poor exposure or light balance. JPEG files limit you, because of 
their compression. Editing can cause them to show degradation. Even if your 
images don't need editing, RAW has its benefits. Your computer's processor 
is much more powerful than your camera's. Images will look better if 
processed on your computer.

RAW images also offer a greater dynamic range. RAW files contain 12 or 14 
bits of data per pixel. That means you have 4,096 (2^12) or 16,384 (2^14) 
levels of brightness. In comparison, JPEGs have 8 bits of data per pixel. 
There are only 256 (2^8) different brightness levels. You won't see as much 
detail in shadows and highlights. And you can't coax out details, as you can 
by adjusting exposure and contrast in RAW format.

I like to think of RAW format as a negative, albeit digital. The JPEG format 
is more like the printed photo. There is much you can do with a negative. 
But with a finished photo, your options are severely limited.

Now, RAW format isn't always appropriate. Those who don't want to process 
their photos don't need it. And if you're just taking snapshots, JPEG is 
probably easier. Your camera can write JPEGs to a memory card faster. And 
they take up much less room on the card.

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 CCCC                         Page 6                     August  2007

CONNECTING A SATELLITE BOX TO A MONITOR
from Komando newsletter

Q. I would like to use my computer monitor as a television. I want to use it 
in my RV with a satellite dish. Can this be done? Do I need special 
equipment?

A. You should be able to connect your RV satellite dish to your monitor. You 
can also connect it to your computer, if you choose. You will likely need 
special equipment. Your computer monitor probably needs a VGA connection. If 
it is a newer monitor, it probably also accepts DVI inputs.

In comparison, your satellite box probably has component, s-video and 
coaxial outputs. It may also have an HDMI connection. In rare cases, it may 
have a DVI output. If both the monitor and the satellite box have DVI 
connections, that's your answer. You can connect the box to the monitor with 
a DVI cable. You'll need to hook the satellite box to an audio receiver and 
speakers to get sound. I'd be surprised if you're that lucky. So you'll need 
to buy something that goes between the satellite box and your monitor.

One solution is to add a TV tuner to your computer. These come in different 
forms. Some fit inside desktop computers. Others look like thumb drives that 
plug in to a USB port. You can also purchase external boxes. Then, you can 
connect the satellite television box to the TV tuner. It would function as 
an antenna. But the connections would likely be limited. You'd probably need 
to use the coaxial connection when connecting the satellite box to the 
computer. You'd connect the computer to the monitor via VGA or DVI 
connection.

I like this solution for a couple of reasons. First, you can use the tuner 
to pick up over-the-air signals in addition to satellite signals. You'd need 
an antenna, though. Also, you can record television on your computer. Your 
television would work like a DVR. 

If you don't have a computer in your RV, there are other solutions. First, 
you can buy a tuner that will connect your satellite box to your monitor. 
These usually have more options for video input. For example, you'll find 
ones with component inputs. They connect to your monitor via a VGA jack.

Siig, KWorld and AVERMEDIA make external tuners that don't require a 
computer. They can be difficult to find, though. Your local electronics 
store might not stock them. But I found a few on Amazon. If you search hard 
enough, you'll also find video-to-VGA converters. These are similar to the 
external television tuners, and cost about the same ($50-$100).

Some stores sell VGA-to-component video cables. These have component 
connections on one end and a VGA connection on the other. They look ideal 
for your situation. But they're really designed for use with projectors. 
Don't expect them to work with your computer monitor, though. There are 
differences between VGA and component video encoding. Your monitor will need 
something to decode the signal.

Copyright 2007, WestStar TalkRadio Network. All rights reserved. 
Kim Komando hosts the nation's largest talk radio show about computers and 
the Internet. To get the podcast or find the station nearest you, visit: 
http://www.komando.com/listen . To subscribe to Kim's free e-mail 
newsletters, sign-up at: http://www.komando.com/newsletters. 

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 CCCC                         Page 7                     August  2007

EXPLORING WINDOWS EXPLORER
By Jim Sanders, Editor, The Orange Bytes, North Orange County Computer Club, 
California www.noccc.org

Everyone using Windows XP uses Windows Explorer all the time.  Some use it 
in what I consider the true form.  Some, because you use it under the title 
of My Computer.  And all of us when we are using Internet Explorer, because 
Windows Explorer is an integral part of Internet Explorer.  I continue to be 
surprised at how many people do not know that you can right click on the 
start button and go directly to Windows Explorer.  I prefer that to the My 
Computer path because it brings up Windows Explorer with the left hand pane 
of the window displaying the tree structure of the files.  It surprises me 
that many people who use the My Computer path don't know that they can bring 
up the tree pane by clicking on the folder button in the taskbar. 

Something that is almost sad, is how many people live with the default 
settings of Windows Explorer.  One of the first things that I do with a new 
installation of Windows XP, is to open Windows Explorer, go to the view menu 
and click on details.  The next step is to open the tools menu, and click on 
folder options.  When the folder options window opens, but what had a slump 
and wrong that a mile and the click on the view tab.  Then click on display 
the full path in the title bar to place a checkmark in the box, click on 
show hidden files and folders to put the bullet on that line, click on a 
hide extensions for known file types to remove the checkmark.

Personally, I think Microsoft did new users in particular, a major 
disservice by having the last item set to by default.  The resulting 
confusion of having two or more files with the same name, and not 
differentiated by the file extension, causes a fair amount of distress in 
users that are not sure which file to choose.  I like to see the protected 
operating system files but you may be more comfortable leaving them hidden.  
The last item is to check is show control panel in my computer.  Then click 
on apply, wait for it to finish, then click on apply to all holders, then 
click on OK and you're done.

As a result of the above actions the right hand window pane will now have 
four columns, name, size, height, and date modified. The sort will be set to 
alphabetical by name, numbers and special characters first, then A to Z. If 
you want the sort to be Z to A, click on name at the top of the name column. 
If you want the sort to be by size, click on size at the top of the size 
column and Windows Explorer will sort the folder by file size, smallest file 
first. To reverse the order, and place the largest file at the top of the 
list, click on size again. The same procedure works with the type column and 
the date modified column.

There is a faint divider bar between each of the columns located in the 
horizontal bar where the names of the columns are located. One of the 
easiest ones to find is one space to the right of the column heading Size. 
If you move the mouse cursor to that area you should see a double headed 
arrow appear. If you then click and hold the left mouse button, you can 
adjust the width of the edge of the columns. The width of the name column is 
often too narrow to show the complete file name. Having the complete path 
displayed in the address bar, is often useful when you need to copy and 
paste that path into other applications.

When you have a lot of files in a folder, there is a navigation shortcut in 
the name column that too few people seem to know about. When you first open 
a folder, the display will show any other folders (or what should really be 
called subdirectories) within that folder followed by files, starting with 
the letter A. If you need to get to a file that starts with a letter T, you 
might have to scroll through several hundred files to get there.

There is a faster way. Click on the first file in the folder to highlight 
it, then type the first letter of the file that you wish to find. In this 
example the display would immediately jump to the first file that starts 
with the letter T.  If you know what you are searching for, and can type 
quickly, you can follow the first letter with the second letter of the name 
and it will take you to that point instead.

I think initially setting all folders on a hard disk to the detail view is 
the best starting point and is best suited for the majority of folders. 
Windows XP allows you to customize the view of each and every folder and 
will remember what settings you assigned to a given folder. For instance, 
for folders that contain photos it is often more useful if the thumbnail 
view, or the film strip view, is chosen so that you can see what each 
picture actually is. The advantage of the thumbnail view is that you can 
find images quicker than in the filmstrip view. The advantage of the 
filmstrip view is that you get a line of thumbnails across the bottom of the 
pane and a larger view of which ever thumbnail is highlighted. There are 
also mouse click arrow's that allow you to view the next or previous image. 
Don't forget that you can right click on any of the thumbnails and bring up 
a whole new menu of things that you can do with the image.

Everybody should learn how to do file housekeeping on their computer disk. 
Being able to move files from one folder to another, to copy files from one 
folder to another, to create new folders, and several other functions along 
those lines can help you keep your data organized. It should be noted that 
most of these functions can be accomplished in more than one fashion. For 
instance, if you wished to copy a file from folder A to folder B, you would 
first select the file by left clicking on it which will cause it to be 
highlighted.  You could then open the edit menu by clicking on edit, then 
click on copy, then click on the destination folder, then click on paste in 
the edit menu, a copy of the file will appear in that folder.

Alternately, you could use some of the keyboard shortcuts.  You could 
highlight the file, press and hold down the Ctrl key and then tap the C. 
key. This will copy the file to the temporary holding bin called clipboard.  
You would then highlight the destination folder, press and hold down the 
control key, then tap the V. key which will paste the file from the 
clipboard to the folder you highlighted.  Another method is called drag and 
drop.  In this method you move the mouse cursor over the file you wish to 
copy, left click and hold the mouse button, move the mouse to drag a ghost 
image of the file over the top of the destination folder and then release 
the left mouse button.  There are many more features to cover but this is 
all the room I have for now.  We will do more later.  

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 CCCC                         Page 8                     August  2007

SEND TO 
by Dick Trissel

The September Smart Computing magazine touched on the subject of modifying 
the Send To option in Windows XP.  In this case it was to be able to send a 
document to the printer.  However, there is more to it and it can be done in 
Windows 98SE, also.

When you right-click a file, a dropdown menu appears that includes the Send 
To option.  When you point to Send To, another menu appears that contains 
shortcuts to applications and devices.  The usual items are:
Desktop, My Documents, Mail Recipient, Floppy Drive, CD Drive, and more.  
Sometimes installing an application will put a shortcut in Send To.

You can edit the Send To shortcut list.  Just know, it is a shortcut list, 
so deleting an item does not remove the folder or hardware it is pointing 
to.  But, to edit Send To, you have to find it.  

The article suggested going to the Send To folder by using the following 
method for XP:
Click Start and My Computer.  Double-click the C: drive, the Documents and 
Settings folder, and the user name.  I prefer using Windows Explorer: open 
the C: drive, the Documents and Settings folder, and the user name.  There 
is also a Send To in the Administrator folder and the Guest folder.
In 98SE, use Windows Explorer and just go to C:\Windows.  That's the only 
one in SE.

In either case the Send To may not show because it is a hidden folder.  To 
make it show, the settings in Windows Explorer need to be changed.

To fix this, use Windows Explorer and go to Tools, Folder Options, View, and 
change the following in order to be able to see and edit Send To:
Mark Show Hidden Files and Folders
Uncheck Hide Extensions for Known File Types
Uncheck Hide Protected Operating System Files and Folders.

Now that you know where it is and what it contains, what can you do with it?  
As mentioned above, you can simplify it by deleting unneeded shortcuts.  But 
more importantly, you can add shortcuts to applications (Word, Excel, 
Internet Explorer, etc.) and hardware (printer, disk drives, etc.).  Any 
existing shortcut can be copied into Send To, and you can create a shortcut 
by the usual method to be put there.  And, you can edit and rename a Send To 
shortcut to something more recognizable to you.

The before mentioned article described adding a printer shortcut in XP using 
the following procedure:
Start / Control Panel.  Double-click Printers and Faxes.  Locate your 
printer in the window and drag its icon to the Send To window.

For example, I have DirectCD CD burner, Editpad text editor, and a batch 
program called DirPrint in my Send To.  When I right-click a file, I can 
send it to whatever program or device is appropriate for that type of file.

Next month I'll talk about how to use the Open With option, which is very 
similar in concept.

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